Как хранить

Хранить литий ионные аккумуляторы рекомендуется в сухом месте при температуре около 0 +10°C при уровне заряда около 50%. Литий ионные, LiPO-3,7 В, LiFePO43,2 В, LTO– 2,4 В) .

хранение литиевых аккумуляторов

Старение аккумулятора

Старение им как и другим типам аккумуляторов присуще. Неизбежно со временем уменьшается емкость. При покупке нужно обращать внимание на дату изготовления, на сколько это возможно. На Али Экспресс продают термоусадку- оболочку для 18650 и других типоразмеров аккумуляторов, промаркированную “как нужно”. Это косвенно указывает на возможность подделки даты производства и модели элемента.

Тестирование аккумуляторов

Выводы о качестве элемента можно сделать, замерив внутреннее сопротивление и емкость. Подробнее о внутреннем сопротивлении написано здесь. Чем меньше внутреннее сопротивление элемента, тем лучше. Тем больший ток он способен отдать в нагрузку без просадки напряжения. Чем внутреннее сопротивление больше, тем старее или некачественнее аккумулятор.

Уровень заряда при хранении литий ионного аккумулятора

Хранить литий ионные аккумуляторы полностью заряженными или разряженными для них самое неприятное. Значительно ускоряется старение. Полностью разряженный элемент после длительного хранения возможно вообще не удастся вернуть к жизни. Возможно удастся, но не с былыми характеристиками. Один элемент конечно не великая потеря. Если речь идет о аккумуляторе для электро велосипеда, в котором не один десяток элементов? Пострадает каждый элемент. Будет не очень приятно после зимы попрощаться с несколькими километрами пробега. Всё из-за того, что оставили его перед хранением разряженным или наоборот- заряженным под завязку.

Визуальный контроль в процессе хранения

Визуально проявляются такие неисправности как разгерметизация, окисление контактов, вздутие. При разгерметизации из банки вытекает электролит, окисляются металлические поверхности. Вздутие чаще проявляется у элементов в мягком корпусе. Эти проблемы проявляются из-за неправильного режима эксплуатации (переЗАРЯД, перегрев), механических повреждений. Иногда из- за заводского брака.

В больших аккумуляторных сборках рекомендуется делать ревизию, как только есть подозрения на ухудшение работы. Нужно проводить визуальный осмотр ячеек и если есть “уставшие” то менять их. Иначе, в дальнейшем они потянут за собой остальные, включенные с ними в параллель. Характеристики всей сборки в целом ухудшатся. Подробнее о сборках и защите аккумуляторов можно почитать в этой статье.

После длительного хранения Power Bank, он может не подавать признаков жизни. Это происходит из-за того, что даже в неактивном режиме его внутренняя плата потребляет небольшой ток. Так что если аккумулятор съёмный, то лучше хранить его вне устройства. Либо периодически в процессе хранения подзаряжать.


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